The _______ of a hash table is a measure of how full the table is, affecting its performance and efficiency.
- Collisions
- Density
- Load factor
- Sparsity
The load factor of a hash table is a measure of how full the table is. It is calculated as the ratio of the number of elements in the table to the total number of buckets. A higher load factor can lead to more collisions and may impact the efficiency of the hash table.
To avoid infinite loops in DFS, it's essential to implement _______ to track visited nodes.
- A counter for visited nodes
- A queue for visited nodes
- A set or array marking visited nodes
- A stack for visited nodes
To avoid infinite loops in DFS, it's essential to implement a set or array to mark visited nodes. This ensures that each node is visited only once during the traversal, preventing the algorithm from getting stuck in infinite loops and exploring the same nodes repeatedly.
Describe a real-world scenario where using a queue would be beneficial.
- Implementing a stack for function calls in a programming language.
- Managing print jobs in a printer queue.
- Storing data in a random order for quick access.
- Storing items in a way that the last item added is the first to be removed.
A real-world scenario where using a queue would be beneficial is managing print jobs in a printer queue. Print jobs are processed in the order they are received, following the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) principle.
Explain the role of a dynamic programming table in finding the Longest Palindromic Substring.
- The table keeps track of the indices of the first and last characters of palindromic substrings.
- The table maintains the lengths of palindromic substrings for each position in the input string.
- The table records the count of distinct characters in the input string.
- The table stores the characters of the longest palindromic substring.
In finding the Longest Palindromic Substring using dynamic programming, the role of the dynamic programming table is to maintain the lengths of palindromic substrings for each position in the input string. The table is used to store and update information about the palindromic nature of substrings, aiding in the efficient computation of the overall solution.
Can Dijkstra's algorithm handle negative edge weights? Why or why not?
- No, it assumes all edge weights are non-negative
- Only if the graph is acyclic
- Yes, but only for graphs with positive vertex values
- Yes, it adjusts for negative weights during the process
No, Dijkstra's algorithm cannot handle negative edge weights because it relies on the assumption that the shortest path is found by consistently selecting the smallest tentative distance, which doesn't hold true for negative weights.
Consider a scenario where you're implementing a cache system to store frequently accessed data. Discuss how you could utilize a linked list to implement this cache efficiently.
- Array
- Circular linked list
- Doubly linked list
- Singly linked list
In the context of a cache system, a doubly linked list can be utilized efficiently. The most recently accessed data can be moved to the front of the list, and the least recently accessed data can be easily identified and removed from the end. This way, a doubly linked list facilitates quick access and removal operations, optimizing the cache system's performance.
Imagine you are developing a plagiarism detection system for a university. Discuss how you would utilize the LCS algorithm to identify similarities between student submissions efficiently.
- By analyzing the document creation timestamps.
- By comparing lengths of all pairs of documents.
- By identifying common phrases and sentences within student submissions.
- By randomly selecting portions of documents for comparison.
Utilizing the LCS algorithm for plagiarism detection involves identifying common phrases and sentences within student submissions. The algorithm helps find the longest common subsequence, highlighting similarities and potential instances of plagiarism.
Edit Distance is often used in spell checkers and _______ correction systems.
- Grammar
- Plagiarism
- Punctuation
- Typographical
Edit Distance is commonly used in spell checkers and typographical correction systems. It helps identify and correct spelling mistakes by measuring the similarity between words.
Can Quick Sort be easily implemented to sort linked lists? Why or why not?
- Quick Sort can be applied to linked lists but with higher space complexity
- Quick Sort is not suitable for linked lists due to its reliance on random access to elements
- Quick Sort is well-suited for linked lists as it allows easy swapping of node values
- Quick Sort's applicability to linked lists depends on the size of the list
Quick Sort is not inherently suitable for linked lists as it relies on random access to elements, which is not efficiently provided by linked lists. Implementing Quick Sort on linked lists may involve extra space complexity and may not exhibit the same level of performance as in array-based implementations.
Can binary search be applied to non-sorted arrays? Explain why or why not.
- No, binary search relies on the array being sorted
- No, binary search will give incorrect results
- Yes, binary search will work the same way
- Yes, but with reduced efficiency
Binary search requires a sorted array to make decisions about the search direction. If the array is not sorted, the algorithm cannot reliably determine which half of the array the target might be in, leading to incorrect results.