Which IP addressing version uses 32-bit addresses, resulting in approximately 4.3 billion unique addresses?
- IPv10
- IPv4
- IPv6
- IPv8
IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) uses 32-bit addresses, allowing for about 4.3 billion unique addresses. Each address is represented in dotted decimal format, such as 192.168.1.1.
Real-time applications like VoIP often prefer ________ due to its speed, even at the risk of some data loss.
- IP
- SMTP
- TCP
- UDP
Real-time applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP) prefer UDP (User Datagram Protocol) due to its speed and low overhead. UDP is a connectionless protocol that offers fast data transmission, making it suitable for applications where a small amount of data loss can be tolerated.
During a file transfer between two systems, a brief network outage occurs. When the connection is restored, the file transfer resumes without any data loss. Which transport layer feature ensures this seamless recovery?
- Congestion Control
- Connection-Oriented Communication
- Error Detection
- Flow Control
Connection-Oriented Communication is a feature of the transport layer, particularly in protocols like TCP. It ensures that data is reliably transmitted, and in the event of network disruptions or outages, the connection can be reestablished, and the file transfer can resume without data loss.
Which transmission medium is most susceptible to electromagnetic interference but is commonly used for cable TV?
- Coaxial Cable
- Fiber Optic Cable
- Twisted Pair Cable
- Wireless
Coaxial Cable is commonly used for cable TV. It is susceptible to electromagnetic interference due to its copper core and outer shielding. This interference can affect signal quality, but its affordability and bandwidth make it a popular choice for cable television.
A startup wants to ensure that its website is accessible via both "www.example.com" and "example.com". Which DNS record should they configure to achieve this redirection?
- A
- CNAME
- MX
- PTR
To achieve redirection from "www.example.com" to "example.com," the startup should configure a CNAME (Canonical Name) record. A CNAME record points one domain name to another, effectively allowing multiple domain names to resolve to the same website.
Which entity in the transport layer is responsible for directing a piece of data to a specific process running on a machine?
- DNS
- IP Address
- MAC Address
- Port Number
Port Numbers are responsible for directing a piece of data to a specific process running on a machine. Ports allow multiple processes on the same machine to use network resources simultaneously.
Which routing protocol is widely used on the internet for routing between different autonomous systems?
- BGP
- EIGRP
- OSPF
- RIP
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a path vector routing protocol used on the internet for routing between different autonomous systems. It's crucial for inter-domain routing and helps in making core routing decisions.
What is the primary purpose of flow control in computer networks?
- Ensuring data encryption
- Managing data routing
- Minimizing network congestion
- Preventing data loss and overwhelming receivers
The primary purpose of flow control in computer networks is to prevent data loss and overwhelming receivers. Flow control mechanisms and methods help regulate the pace of data transmission to ensure that the receiver can process and acknowledge data effectively, preventing network congestion and data loss.
When a VPN establishes a private link over the internet, this process is commonly referred to as what?
- Encapsulation
- Fragmentation
- Routing
- Tunneling
When a VPN establishes a private link over the internet, this process is commonly referred to as "Tunneling." Tunneling involves encapsulating the data within a secure and encrypted connection, creating a virtual tunnel through which data can safely travel over the public internet, ensuring confidentiality and integrity.
Sarah, a cybersecurity expert, is analyzing network traffic and notices a series of frames with the same source address that doesn't match any known manufacturers. She suspects this is a spoofed address. Which part of the frame is she analyzing?
- Frame Header
- IP Address
- MAC Address
- Port Number
Sarah is analyzing the MAC address, which is a part of the frame header. The MAC address is a hardware address associated with the source device. A discrepancy in this address might indicate address spoofing, which can be a security concern.