To perform integration testing on security configurations in Spring Boot, you can use the @SpringBootTest annotation with a custom security configuration. This allows you to test security constraints in the context of the whole application. The other options may not cover all security aspects in the same way.

In Spring Boot, the @WebMvcTest annotation is used to simulate HTTP requests and test the web layers (controllers) without starting a full web server. It focuses on testing the web-related components of your application.

To handle validation errors globally across a Spring Boot application in a centralized manner, you should define a global exception handler using the @ControllerAdvice annotation. This allows you to handle validation errors uniformly across all controllers, promoting code reusability and centralization. Options 1 and 2 are incorrect as they involve handling errors at the controller level, and Option 4 is not recommended as it lacks centralization.

Validation annotations in JSR-303 can be placed both on fields within a class and on method parameters. This flexibility allows you to validate not only the data fields of a class but also method parameters to ensure that the input meets the specified constraints. The other options are not accurate; you can use validation annotations in both scenarios mentioned.

Global Method Security can be optimized by configuring AspectJ security expressions. AspectJ expressions allow fine-grained control over method security, enabling security to be applied across different layers of a Spring application based on conditions defined in expressions.

You can perform unit testing for Spring Boot security configurations by using the @SpringBootTest annotation, which loads the complete Spring application context. This allows you to test the security configurations along with other components. The other options do not specifically target testing security configurations.

In connection pooling, "Maximum Pool Size" refers to the maximum number of connections that the pool can hold at a given time. This value determines the upper limit of connections available to clients. It ensures that the pool doesn't grow indefinitely and helps manage resources efficiently. The maximum pool size should be set carefully to balance resource utilization and performance. It doesn't refer to the size of the database server or the number of database queries allowed.

When determining the Time-To-Live (TTL) of a cache in a Spring Boot application, considerations should include the expected lifespan of cached data, data volatility (how frequently data changes), and memory constraints. These factors help strike a balance between cache effectiveness and resource utilization. The other options are not directly related to cache TTL considerations.

To accommodate different validation rules based on the state of the object in a Spring Boot application, it's a good practice to create separate validation classes for each state. This approach keeps the code modular and allows you to apply specific validation logic based on the object's state. The other options may not be as flexible or maintainable for this requirement.

To handle an exception thrown by a specific method in a controller, you should use the @ExceptionHandler annotation on a method within that controller. This annotation allows you to specify methods that will handle exceptions thrown by other methods in the same controller class. It's a way to have fine-grained control over how exceptions are handled within a specific controller.