Your team follows Agile methodology with continuous integration and frequent deployments. Which tool, integrated with CI/CD pipelines, will ensure that automated tests run with each build and deployment?
- ALM
- JIRA
- Jenkins
- TestNG
Jenkins is a widely-used Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment tool that facilitates the automation of parts of the development process. By integrating Jenkins with a project's CI/CD pipeline, teams can ensure that automated tests are executed with every build, promoting a robust testing culture in Agile environments.
How does the "Focus Indicator" help in enhancing the accessibility of web applications?
- By changing the color theme of the website.
- By highlighting errors on the page.
- By indicating the user's current position on a webpage.
- By showing animations on clickable items.
A "Focus Indicator" is crucial for keyboard navigation, as it visually signifies the current position or element that has focus on a webpage. This is particularly essential for those who rely on the keyboard to navigate, such as individuals with motor disabilities. Without a clear indicator, it would be challenging to understand which part of the webpage is currently active or in focus.
In a situation where the development team wants to integrate and test the functionality of two units that communicate with each other but one unit is not yet fully developed, what approach might be beneficial?
- Bottom-Up Integration
- Sandwich Integration
- Stubs and Drivers
- Top-Down Integration
When one of the interacting units isn't fully developed, "Stubs and Drivers" can be employed. A "Stub" is a simplistic implementation of the missing unit, while a "Driver" simulates a unit that calls the incomplete one. These temporary components allow early testing of interactions between units, without waiting for full development.
Why is exploratory testing often combined with other structured testing techniques in a testing cycle?
- For better test coverage
- To find more defects
- To make testing more exciting
- To reduce testing time
Exploratory testing, being less structured, allows testers to rapidly identify and react to software behavior. When combined with structured testing, it ensures that not only are predetermined test cases being executed, but the tester's experience, intuition, and creativity also come into play to provide a more comprehensive test coverage. This synergistic combination often results in discovering defects that might have been overlooked with only a structured approach.
Which of the following is NOT typically a part of the review process?
- Code execution
- Gathering feedback
- Identifying discrepancies
- Inspecting the product
Code execution is a dynamic activity where the software is run to check its behavior, whereas reviews are a static technique. Reviews focus on inspecting the product, gathering feedback, and identifying discrepancies without actually running the software.
The process of setting up, writing, and maintaining automated tests often requires a(n) _______ investment upfront.
- adaptive
- instantaneous
- minimal
- substantial
Setting up automated tests requires a significant initial investment in terms of time, effort, and resources. This includes selecting the right tools, writing the scripts, and maintaining them to adapt to changes in the application being tested.
In which testing approach is the primary concern the visual elements, layouts, and interactive parts of an application?
- A/B Testing
- Compatibility Testing
- Load Testing
- UI Testing
UI (User Interface) Testing primarily deals with the testing of the visual elements, layouts, and interactive parts of an application. The main goal is to ensure that users have a seamless and consistent visual experience across different functionalities, and that all interactive elements respond as expected.
How do keyword-driven and data-driven scripting techniques differ in terms of their implementation?
- Keyword-driven focuses on input data; data-driven focuses on actions.
- Keyword-driven is about UI mapping; data-driven is about scenarios.
- Keyword-driven requires coding skills; data-driven doesn't.
- Keyword-driven uses predefined keywords; data-driven uses external data sources.
Keyword-driven testing involves the use of predefined keywords associated with the actions to be performed, making the test scripts more readable and easier to maintain. On the other hand, data-driven testing primarily revolves around executing the same test script with multiple sets of input data, typically sourced from external files or databases.
When a design is tested in the environment where it will be used, ensuring it works in the real-world scenarios, it is known as _______ testing.
- Contextual
- Integration
- Regression
- Unit
"Contextual Testing" is a method where the design or product is tested within the actual environment and context in which it will be used. Unlike lab testing, it ensures the product works in real-world scenarios, capturing the nuances and variables of the actual usage environment.
In CI/CD, a _______ server automates the building, testing, and deployment processes.
- Deployment
- Integration
- Monitoring
- Version
In the CI/CD ecosystem, an Integration server plays a pivotal role. It automates various phases such as code compilation, testing, and sometimes deployment. This ensures that code changes integrate smoothly with the existing codebase and can be deployed seamlessly.