The Transfer Object pattern involves a simple object used to pass data between layers, while the Data Access Object pattern involves an object used to perform CRUD operations on a database.

Repository Pattern is used to abstract data access and encapsulate the underlying data storage, making it easier to change data storage solutions without affecting the rest of the application. It also helps to manage the complexity of a software system by providing a clear separation of concerns between the data access logic and the business logic.

The Front Controller pattern provides a centralized request handling mechanism, while the Intercepting Filter pattern provides a way to intercept and modify incoming requests before they are processed by the target resource.

Interpreter pattern is a design pattern that implements a specialized language, allowing the client to express complex operations in a simplified manner. The pattern involves creating an interpreter class that evaluates expressions in the language, and performs the operations specified by the expressions. This pattern can be useful in situations where you want to allow the client to specify complex operations in a concise and easily understandable manner.

J2EE Patterns are a set of design patterns for software development using the Java programming language. These patterns provide solutions to common problems that arise in J2EE-based software development, such as implementing security, managing transactions, and integrating with other systems.

The Service Locator pattern is a J2EE design pattern that abstracts the way to look up and access objects. The objects are managed in a registry, which can be queried for services by client objects.

The Repository Pattern and the Active Record Pattern are different, as the Repository Pattern provides an abstraction over the data access layer, while the Active Record Pattern combines the data access and business logic in a single object.

Adapter pattern is a design pattern that allows objects with incompatible interfaces to work together by converting the interface of one object into an interface expected by the client. This pattern involves creating a wrapper class that implements the target interface and delegates calls to the adaptee object. The adapter acts as a bridge between the adaptee and client, allowing them to work together even if their interfaces are not compatible.

Business Delegate pattern provides a simplified interface to a set of services to reduce the coupling between presentation-tier clients and business services.

The Builder Pattern is used when the construction of an object is complex, and it allows you to build objects step by step, with each step having a different number of options. This is useful when you want to provide a clean API for creating objects, without exposing the details of the creation process. The Factory Pattern, on the other hand, is used when you need to create objects with a single method call. This is useful when the creation process is simple, and you don't need to provide a clean API for creating objects.