An example of M2H (Machine-to-Human) communication in IoT would be:
- A sensor transmitting data to a cloud server
- A smart thermostat adjusting the temperature based on room occupancy
- A smart refrigerator ordering groceries automatically
- Your smartphone alerting you to low battery
M2H (Machine-to-Human) communication involves machines or devices communicating with humans. Your smartphone notifying you of low battery is a clear example of this. It's a machine (smartphone) alerting a human (you) about an important status change, which is a common use case in IoT.
A manufacturing company wants to ensure that its machinery operates within safe temperature ranges. To achieve this, they should implement:
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
- Real-time monitoring and control systems
- Virtual reality simulations
- 3D printing technology
To ensure that machinery operates within safe temperature ranges, a manufacturing company should implement real-time monitoring and control systems. These systems use sensors to continuously measure the temperature of machinery and can automatically adjust operations or send alerts in case of temperature deviations, ensuring safety and efficiency.
Which type of database is often preferred for IoT data storage due to its ability to handle large volumes of unstructured data?
- Flat file database
- Hierarchical database
- NoSQL database
- Relational database
NoSQL databases are often preferred for IoT data storage because they excel at handling large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data. IoT devices generate a wide variety of data types, and NoSQL databases provide the flexibility and scalability required to store and query this data efficiently.
In a high-security facility, biometric devices are used for access control. To guarantee that these devices are running only authentic firmware, the facility should employ:
- Code Signing
- Firmware Updates
- Hardware Redundancy
- Intrusion Detection Systems
Code signing is essential to guarantee that biometric devices are running only authentic firmware. It verifies the authenticity and integrity of the firmware, preventing unauthorized changes. Firmware updates are important but don't guarantee authenticity. Hardware redundancy and intrusion detection systems focus on system reliability and security but not specifically firmware authenticity.
When your smartwatch notifies you of a new message, this is an example of:
- H2M (Human-to-Machine) communication
- M2H (Machine-to-Human) communication
- M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication
- P2P (Peer-to-Peer) communication
When your smartwatch notifies you of a new message, it's a classic example of M2H (Machine-to-Human) communication. The smartwatch (machine) is relaying information to you (human), indicating a message has arrived.
A company is developing an IoT system for a smart city project where they need to ensure real-time communication with minimal bandwidth usage. Which protocol might they consider?
- CoAP
- HTTP
- MQTT
- WebSocket
In the context of real-time communication in IoT with minimal bandwidth usage, MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a widely considered protocol. It is a lightweight publish-subscribe messaging protocol, designed for constrained devices and low bandwidth scenarios, making it a suitable choice for smart city projects.
Why is 5G considered a game-changer for IoT applications?
- Limited Network Coverage
- Low Security and Privacy
- Ultra-High Data Transfer Speeds
- Widespread Compatibility
5G's ultra-high data transfer speeds are a game-changer for IoT, allowing the rapid exchange of data between devices, enabling new IoT applications.
In a typical IoT project lifecycle, post-deployment monitoring and maintenance fall under which phase?
- Deployment
- Development
- Operations
- Planning
Post-deployment monitoring and maintenance activities are part of the Operations phase in the IoT project lifecycle. This phase involves ensuring the continued functionality, security, and optimization of the deployed IoT system.
What is the primary advantage of edge computing in IoT?
- Enhancing IoT device battery life.
- Increasing the range of Wi-Fi connectivity.
- Providing unlimited cloud storage for IoT devices.
- Reducing latency and processing data closer to the data source.
The primary advantage of edge computing in IoT is to reduce latency by processing data closer to the data source. This reduces the time it takes to analyze and act upon data, making it especially valuable in applications where real-time or near-real-time processing is critical.
During the ________ phase of the IoT project lifecycle, the system's performance is evaluated against the defined objectives.
- Deployment
- Implementation
- Planning
- Testing
During the Testing phase of the IoT project lifecycle, the system's performance is evaluated against the defined objectives to ensure that it meets the requirements and functions correctly.