Which software evolution model is focused on re-creating a system from scratch?
- Waterfall Model
- Incremental Model
- Spiral Model
- Big Bang Model
The Big Bang Model focuses on re-creating a system from scratch. It's a risky approach where the old system is entirely replaced with a new one.
What is the main objective of regression testing in the software development life cycle?
- To verify new features
- To identify defects in the initial code
- To ensure that new code changes do not introduce new defects in existing functionality
- To improve code performance
The main objective of regression testing is to ensure that new code changes do not introduce new defects or issues in the existing functionality of the software. It helps maintain the overall quality and reliability of the software.
How does Equivalence Partitioning play a role in Black Box Testing?
- It helps identify invalid inputs
- It focuses on specific inputs
- It tests only functional requirements
- It is not relevant to Black Box Testing
Equivalence Partitioning is a Black Box Testing technique that divides the input domain into equivalence classes, ensuring that the test cases represent different valid and invalid partitions. This helps to identify specific inputs for testing and ensures comprehensive coverage.
How does the Chain of Responsibility design pattern decouple the sender and receiver objects?
- By making the sender and receiver objects tightly coupled
- By having a single object handle all requests
- By allowing multiple objects to handle a request in a chain
- By making the sender object directly call the receiver object
The Chain of Responsibility design pattern decouples the sender and receiver objects by allowing multiple objects to handle a request in a chain. Each handler in the chain decides whether to process the request or pass it to the next handler. This decoupling ensures that the sender doesn't need to know the specific receiver and can be more flexible.
Unit Testing aids in the discovery of _____ in the initial phases of software development.
- Design flaws
- Syntax errors
- Documentation issues
- Database problems
Unit Testing helps in the discovery of design flaws in the initial phases of software development. It identifies issues related to how the code is structured and whether it aligns with the design and requirements. Detecting and addressing design flaws early can save time and resources in the long run.
What does the acronym "DBMS" stand for in the context of database design?
- Database Model Selection
- Database Management System
- Data Backup and Management Service
- Data Broadcasting and Messaging System
DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is software that allows users to interact with and manage databases, including tasks like data storage, retrieval, and data manipulation.
OAuth is a widely adopted open standard for access delegation commonly used for _____ authorization in APIs.
- Read
- Write
- User
- Token
OAuth is commonly used for "Token" authorization in APIs. OAuth allows a client to access resources on behalf of a resource owner, and it typically involves the use of access tokens for authorization.
How can the Dependency Inversion Principle be employed to minimize the impact of changes in lower-level modules on high-level modules?
- It can't be used for this purpose
- By making high-level modules dependent on low-level modules
- By minimizing the use of interfaces
- By inverting the dependencies
The Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) suggests inverting the traditional dependency relationship, where high-level modules should not depend on low-level modules directly. Instead, both should depend on abstractions (interfaces). This inversion reduces the impact of changes in lower-level modules on high-level modules because high-level modules only depend on abstract interfaces, making them more stable.
Consider a situation in which a security team identifies a new piece of malware. How can reverse engineering aid in understanding its functionality and mitigating its impact?
- It can permanently remove the malware without analysis
- It can identify the malware's source code and author
- It can help understand how the malware operates and how to counteract it
- It can encrypt the malware to make it harmless
Reverse engineering can help dissect malware to understand its inner workings, discover vulnerabilities, and develop countermeasures to mitigate its impact.
Suppose a development team is building a microservices-based application. Discuss the potential strategies and considerations for designing APIs that facilitate communication between different microservices.
- Use RESTful APIs
- Implement GraphQL
- Design APIs with versioning
- Utilize WebSockets
In a microservices architecture, designing APIs with versioning is crucial to maintain backward compatibility while allowing for changes and enhancements. Versioning enables different microservices to communicate without breaking existing functionality.