What does the reliability quality attribute signify in the context of software?
- Speed of the software
- Security of the software
- Trustworthiness and consistency of the software
- Adaptability of the software
Reliability, in the context of software, signifies the trustworthiness and consistency of the software. A reliable software system performs its functions consistently and without unexpected failures, providing a dependable user experience.
In a context where a software system is expected to store and manage highly sensitive user data, how would the security attribute be defined and assured throughout the development process?
- Security is not necessary when dealing with sensitive data
- Security should be a one-time implementation
- Security must be a continuous concern throughout development
- Security is the sole responsibility of users
In this context, security must be a continuous concern throughout the development process. Sensitive user data requires robust security measures, including encryption, access controls, and vulnerability assessments. Security must be implemented from the project's start and maintained as threats evolve.
What role does Version Control play in the context of Software Configuration Management?
- It restricts access to software components
- It helps manage different versions of software artifacts
- It enforces project deadlines
- It ensures that code is error-free
Version Control in SCM plays a crucial role in managing different versions of software artifacts. It enables teams to track changes, roll back to previous versions, and collaborate effectively on code and documentation, ensuring traceability and version history.
RESTful APIs use HTTP requests to POST, READ, PUT, and DELETE data, often referred to as ______ operations.
- Update
- Edit
- Modify
- Update
In RESTful API design, these operations are often referred to as "CRUD" operations, which stands for Create, Read, Update, and Delete. The "Modify" operation corresponds to the "Update" operation in CRUD.
Which design pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to a single instance and provides a global point of access to it?
- Factory Pattern
- Singleton Pattern
- Observer Pattern
- Abstract Factory Pattern
The Singleton design pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to a single instance. It provides a global point of access to that instance, making it useful when you want to ensure there's only one instance of a class throughout your application, like a configuration manager, a database connection, or a logging service.
Which type of software maintenance deals with fixing bugs and errors after the software has been deployed?
- Corrective Maintenance
- Adaptive Maintenance
- Perfective Maintenance
- Preventive Maintenance
Corrective maintenance, also known as bug fixing, addresses and fixes errors, defects, or issues that occur after the software has been deployed. It is aimed at ensuring the software functions correctly.
How might a complex, interdependent software system pose challenges for effective Unit Testing, and what strategies might be employed to mitigate these challenges?
- Complex systems make Unit Testing easier
- Interdependencies have no impact on Unit Testing
- Complex, interdependent systems may require extensive mocking and stubbing
- Complex systems eliminate the need for Unit Testing
In complex, interdependent systems, unit testing can be challenging due to the dependencies on other units. To mitigate these challenges, extensive mocking and stubbing may be required to isolate units for testing. These techniques help create controlled environments for unit testing.
In Agile methodologies, regression testing is often automated to facilitate continuous integration throughout the development process.
- Documentation
- Integration
- Planning
- Testing
In Agile methodologies, automated regression testing is a key component of continuous integration, allowing for frequent and automated testing as new code is integrated, ensuring that changes do not introduce defects.
The ______ model of software quality assurance involves both verification and validation activities.
- Waterfall
- V-Model
- Agile
- Spiral
The V-Model of software quality assurance integrates both verification and validation activities into the software development life cycle. It is a structured approach that emphasizes the relationship between development phases and corresponding testing phases.
Which software evolution model is focused on re-creating a system from scratch?
- Waterfall Model
- Incremental Model
- Spiral Model
- Big Bang Model
The Big Bang Model focuses on re-creating a system from scratch. It's a risky approach where the old system is entirely replaced with a new one.