In the case of a security breach in a Hadoop cluster, which administrative actions are most critical?
- Implement Encryption
- Monitor User Activity
- Review Access Controls
- Update Software Patches
In the case of a security breach, reviewing and tightening access controls is crucial. This involves restricting access privileges, ensuring least privilege principles, and regularly auditing and updating access permissions to minimize the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches.
Considering a scenario with high concurrency and the need for near-real-time analytics, which Hadoop SQL tool would you recommend and why?
- Hive
- Impala
- Presto
- Spark SQL
In a scenario with high concurrency and the need for near-real-time analytics, Presto would be recommended. Presto is designed for high-performance, distributed SQL queries, and it excels in scenarios with concurrent queries and the need for low-latency responses, making it suitable for real-time analytics.
In Hadoop, ____ provides a framework for auditing and monitoring user accesses and activities.
- Apache Sentry
- Audit Log Manager
- Hadoop Audit Framework
- Hadoop Auditor
In Hadoop, the Hadoop Audit Framework provides a framework for auditing and monitoring user accesses and activities. It logs relevant information, such as user actions and system events, facilitating security audits and compliance checks.
In a scenario where data is unevenly distributed across keys, what MapReduce feature helps in balancing the load?
- Combiner Function
- Partitioner
- Shuffle and Sort
- Speculative Execution
In cases of uneven data distribution, the Partitioner in MapReduce helps balance the load by ensuring that data with the same key goes to the same reducer. This helps in achieving a more even distribution of processing tasks among reducers, improving performance.
In Hadoop, ____ is a tool designed for efficient real-time stream processing.
- Apache Flink
- Apache HBase
- Apache Hive
- Apache Storm
Apache Storm is a tool in Hadoop designed for efficient real-time stream processing. It allows for the processing of data in motion, making it suitable for scenarios where low-latency and real-time insights are crucial.
The ____ feature in HDFS allows administrators to specify policies for moving and storing data blocks.
- Block Replication
- DataNode Balancing
- HDFS Storage Policies
- HDFS Tiered Storage
The HDFS Storage Policies feature allows administrators to specify policies for moving and storing data blocks based on factors like performance, reliability, and cost. It provides flexibility in managing data storage within the Hadoop cluster.
What mechanism does Apache Flume use to ensure end-to-end data delivery in the face of network failures?
- Acknowledgment
- Backpressure Handling
- Heartbeat Monitoring
- Reliable Interception
Apache Flume ensures end-to-end data delivery through an acknowledgment mechanism. It confirms the successful receipt of events, providing reliability in the face of network failures. This mechanism helps maintain data integrity and consistency throughout the data collection process.
In a Kerberized Hadoop cluster, the ____ service issues tickets for authenticated users.
- Authentication
- Authorization
- Key Distribution
- Ticket Granting
In a Kerberized Hadoop cluster, the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) issues tickets for authenticated users. These tickets are then used to access various services within the cluster securely.
To manage Hadoop's file system namespace, a Hadoop administrator uses _____.
- HDFS Shell
- JobTracker
- ResourceManager
- SecondaryNameNode
To manage Hadoop's file system namespace, a Hadoop administrator uses the ResourceManager. The ResourceManager is responsible for managing and scheduling resources across the Hadoop cluster, including handling job submissions and monitoring their execution.
What is the primary storage model used by Apache HBase?
- Column-family Store
- Document Store
- Key-value Store
- Relational Store
Apache HBase utilizes a column-family store as its primary storage model. Data is organized into column families, which consist of columns containing related data. This design allows for efficient storage and retrieval of large amounts of sparse data.