Can BFS be used to find the shortest path between two nodes in an unweighted graph?
- It depends
- No
- Only in directed graphs
- Yes
Yes, BFS can be used to find the shortest path between two nodes in an unweighted graph. As BFS explores the graph level by level, the first time the destination node is reached, it guarantees the shortest path as it explores nodes in order of their distance from the source.
Explain the difference between the coin change problem and the knapsack problem.
- Both problems are identical and interchangeable.
- The coin change problem involves finding the number of ways to make a specific amount using given denominations, without considering the quantity of each coin. The knapsack problem, on the other hand, considers the weight and value of items to maximize the total value in a knapsack with limited capacity.
- The coin change problem is a variation of the knapsack problem, with both focusing on maximizing the total value.
- The knapsack problem involves finding the number of ways to make a specific amount using given denominations, without considering the quantity of each coin. The coin change problem, on the other hand, considers the weight and value of items.
The main difference lies in their objectives. The coin change problem aims to find the number of ways to make a specific amount, while the knapsack problem focuses on maximizing the total value considering weight constraints.
Array manipulation involves operations such as _______ and _______ to modify array elements.
- Concatenation, rotation
- Insertion, deletion
- Sorting, searching
- Traversal, deletion
Array manipulation involves operations such as insertion and deletion to modify array elements. Insertion adds elements at a specific position, and deletion removes elements from a given position, helping to manage the array's content dynamically.
Topological sorting is often used in _______ resolution, particularly in systems involving tasks with dependencies.
- Conflict
- Dependency
- Priority
- Scheduling
Topological sorting is often used in Scheduling resolution, particularly in systems involving tasks with dependencies. It helps in determining the order of execution for tasks based on their dependencies, ensuring a systematic and correct execution flow.
An array is a _______ structure that stores a collection of _______ elements.
- Linear, Heterogeneous
- Linear, Homogeneous
- Non-linear, Heterogeneous
- Non-linear, Homogeneous
An array is a linear structure that stores a collection of homogeneous elements. It means that all elements in the array are of the same data type.
In Dijkstra's algorithm, how does it select the next node to visit?
- It always selects the first node in the graph
- It chooses nodes randomly
- It picks the node with the largest tentative distance value
- It selects the node with the smallest tentative distance value
Dijkstra's algorithm selects the next node to visit based on the smallest tentative distance value. It maintains a priority queue or a min-heap to efficiently retrieve the node with the minimum distance.
What is the main advantage of using DFS over BFS in certain scenarios?
- Guaranteed shortest path
- Higher speed in most cases
- Lower memory consumption
- Simplicity of implementation
The main advantage of using DFS over BFS in certain scenarios is the simplicity of implementation. DFS is often easier to implement and requires less memory overhead compared to BFS.
Under what circumstances would you prefer to use Prim's algorithm over Kruskal's, and vice versa?
- Both algorithms are equivalent and can be used interchangeably.
- Kruskal's is preferred for dense graphs, while Prim's is suitable for sparse graphs.
- Prim's is always faster than Kruskal's regardless of the graph characteristics.
- Prim's is preferred for dense graphs, while Kruskal's is suitable for sparse graphs.
Prim's algorithm is generally preferred for dense graphs, where the number of edges is close to the maximum possible edges. On the other hand, Kruskal's algorithm tends to perform better on sparse graphs, where the number of edges is much less than the maximum possible. The choice depends on the specific characteristics of the graph.
LCS can be applied to non-string data types such as _______ to find common elements in sequences.
- Arrays, Linked lists
- Numbers, Matrices
- Stacks, Queues
- Trees, Graphs
Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) is a versatile algorithm that can be applied to non-string data types such as trees and graphs. It is used to identify common elements in sequences, providing a valuable tool in various domains beyond traditional string processing.
A dynamic programming approach to finding the Longest Palindromic Substring typically involves constructing a _______ to store intermediate results.
- Binary tree
- Hash table
- Memoization table
- Priority queue
A dynamic programming approach to finding the Longest Palindromic Substring typically involves constructing a memoization table to store intermediate results. This table is used to avoid redundant computations by caching and reusing previously computed results during the recursive process.