How does the Edit Distance algorithm handle cases where the two strings have different lengths?
- It automatically pads the shorter string with extra characters to make them equal in length.
- It handles different lengths by introducing additional operations such as insertion or deletion.
- It raises an error since the strings must have the same length.
- It truncates the longer string to match the length of the shorter string.
The Edit Distance algorithm handles cases with different lengths by introducing additional operations (insertion or deletion) to account for the difference, ensuring a comprehensive comparison between the two strings.
How can you handle deletions efficiently in a hash table while maintaining performance?
- Deleting the element and shifting all subsequent elements one position to the left.
- Marking the deleted elements as "deleted" and skipping them during searches.
- Relocating all elements in the table to fill the gap left by the deleted element.
- Simply removing the element from the hash table and leaving the space empty.
Efficient deletion in a hash table involves marking the deleted elements as "deleted" and skipping them during searches. This approach prevents disruptions in the hash table's structure and maintains performance by avoiding unnecessary shifting or relocating of elements.
How does the Rabin-Karp algorithm handle potential spurious matches?
- It adjusts the length of the search window dynamically to avoid spurious matches.
- It ignores potential spurious matches and relies on a post-processing step to filter them out.
- It rehashes the entire text for each potential match to verify its accuracy.
- It uses a rolling hash function to efficiently update the hash value of the current window.
The Rabin-Karp algorithm handles potential spurious matches by using a rolling hash function. This allows it to efficiently update the hash value of the current window in constant time, reducing the likelihood of false positives.
The worst-case time complexity of bubble sort is _______.
- O(log n)
- O(n log n)
- O(n)
- O(n^2)
The worst-case time complexity of bubble sort is O(n^2), where 'n' is the number of elements in the array. This is due to the nested loops that iterate over the elements, making it inefficient.
The Ford-Fulkerson algorithm aims to find the _______ flow in a network graph.
- Balanced
- Maximum
- Minimum
- Optimal
The Ford-Fulkerson algorithm aims to find the maximum flow in a network graph, which represents the maximum amount of flow that can be sent from a designated source to a designated sink in a network.
The Ford-Fulkerson algorithm relies on the concept of _______ to incrementally improve the flow.
- Augmentation
- Contraction
- Expansion
- Subgraph
The Ford-Fulkerson algorithm relies on the concept of augmentation to incrementally improve the flow. Augmentation involves finding an augmenting path in the residual graph and updating the flow values along that path.
Can LCS be applied to non-string data types? If so, provide an example.
- No, LCS is limited to string data types only.
- Yes, but only to boolean arrays for pattern matching.
- Yes, but only to matrices for matrix multiplication.
- Yes, it can be applied to arrays of numbers to find the longest increasing subsequence.
LCS can be applied to non-string data types, such as arrays of numbers. For example, it can be used to find the longest increasing subsequence in a sequence of numbers, aiding in identifying patterns or trends in numerical data.
To implement a queue using an array, you typically use two pointers: _______ and _______.
- Front, Back
- Head, Tail
- Initial, Final
- Start, End
When implementing a queue using an array, two pointers are commonly used: Front and Rear (or Head and Tail). The Front pointer points to the front of the queue, and the Rear pointer points to the end of the queue. These pointers are adjusted during enqueue and dequeue operations.
What is the time complexity of generating the nth Fibonacci number using a recursive approach?
- O(2^n)
- O(log n)
- O(n)
- O(n^2)
The time complexity of generating the nth Fibonacci number using a recursive approach is O(2^n). This is because the recursive algorithm without optimization recalculates the same Fibonacci numbers multiple times, leading to an exponential growth in the number of recursive calls.
How does Prim's algorithm select the next vertex to add to the minimum spanning tree?
- Chooses the vertex with the highest degree.
- Chooses the vertex with the maximum key value among the vertices not yet included in the minimum spanning tree.
- Chooses the vertex with the minimum key value among the vertices not yet included in the minimum spanning tree.
- Randomly selects a vertex from the graph.
Prim's algorithm selects the next vertex to add to the minimum spanning tree based on the minimum key value among the vertices not yet included in the tree. The key value represents the weight of the smallest edge connecting the vertex to the current minimum spanning tree.