How would you extract a substring from a string in R?

  • Use the extract() function
  • Use the slice() function
  • Use the sub() function
  • Use the substring() function
The substring() function in R is used to extract a substring from a string. For example, substring("Hello", 2, 3) would return "el".

Which R function returns the absolute value of a number?

  • abs()
  • absolute()
  • fabs()
  • modulus()
The abs() function in R is used to return the absolute value of a number. For example, abs(-5) would return 5.

What is the common use case for nested loops in R?

  • Iterating over multiple dimensions of an array
  • Filtering and transforming data in a nested structure
  • Simulating complex processes
  • All of the above
The common use case for nested loops in R is when you need to perform operations that involve iterating over multiple dimensions of an array, filtering and transforming data in a nested structure (such as a list of lists), or simulating complex processes that require nested iterations.

How do you represent a newline character in R?

  • n
  • r
  • t
  • b
In R, a newline character is represented using the escape sequence n. For example, "HellonWorld" would result in two lines: "Hello" and "World".

The ________ function in R is used to convert a variable to numeric.

  • as.character()
  • as.factor()
  • as.logical()
  • as.numeric()
The as.numeric() function in R is used to convert a variable to numeric. It is important to ensure that the variable is indeed convertible to numeric, otherwise NA's might be introduced.

The ______ function in R can be used to find the maximum value in each row of a matrix.

  • apply()
  • max.row()
  • rowMax()
  • max()
The rowMax() function in R can be used to find the maximum value in each row of a matrix. The rowMax() function returns a vector of maximum values corresponding to each row of the matrix.

To customize the axis labels in an R bar chart, you would use the ______ parameter.

  • col
  • names.arg
  • horiz
  • labels
To customize the axis labels in an R bar chart, you would use the names.arg parameter. By providing a vector of labels corresponding to each bar, you can specify custom labels for the bars on the axis.

In R, a vector is created using the ______ function.

  • c()
  • vector()
  • list()
  • array()
In R, a vector is created using the c() function, which stands for "combine." The c() function allows you to combine elements into a vector by separating them with commas. You can also use the c() function to combine existing vectors into a new vector.

What function is commonly used to create a basic pie chart in R?

  • pie()
  • barplot()
  • plot()
  • scatterplot()
The pie() function is commonly used to create a basic pie chart in R. It takes a vector of non-negative numeric values as input and creates a pie chart where each segment represents a proportion of the whole.

How would you implement a Jumbotron inside a Container while ensuring proper alignment and spacing?

  • Nest a jumbotron inside a container class in HTML and adjust styles accordingly.
  • Use flexbox properties for the container and apply Bootstrap's jumbotron class.
  • Apply custom CSS for both the container and Jumbotron to ensure alignment.
  • Embed a container inside a jumbotron and use inline styles.
To achieve proper alignment and spacing, nest a Bootstrap jumbotron inside a container class. This leverages the built-in styles and responsiveness of Bootstrap, providing a clean and consistent layout. Other options may lead to issues with alignment or require more manual styling.