Normalization is used in database design to improve data integrity by reducing redundancy. Redundant data can lead to anomalies and inconsistencies in the database. Normalization involves breaking down the data into smaller, related tables to minimize redundancy.

In regression testing, version control systems can be utilized to track the system's stability and functionality over successive iterations. These systems help manage code changes, provide historical data, and enable the comparison of different versions to identify potential regression issues.

Corrective maintenance strategies in this scenario involve addressing errors as they occur. This approach ensures that issues are promptly fixed to minimize user disruption and maintain the software's reliability. Delaying error corrections or ignoring them can lead to decreased user satisfaction and could exacerbate problems in the long run.

In this context, prototyping can be a solution by providing a visual representation of the project's progress. Prototypes serve as a communication tool between the development team and stakeholders, helping to clarify and align expectations. By sharing prototypes, stakeholders can gain a better understanding of the project's direction, leading to improved satisfaction and reducing misalignments in Agile projects.

Software re-engineering involves enhancing the software's maintainability, scalability, and adaptability without rewriting it entirely. This approach ensures the continuity and extended lifespan of software systems, making them easier to maintain and evolve.

White box testing primarily focuses on the internal structure and logic of the software. It is also known as structural testing, glass-box testing, or code-based testing. This technique aims to uncover issues related to code quality and implementation.

The Factory design pattern is primarily used to create objects while adhering to the object-oriented principles of single responsibility and separation of concern. It abstracts the process of object creation and allows subclasses to implement the specific details.

The Waterfall model of software evolution is primarily concerned with detecting and fixing errors and defects in the software. It follows a sequential, phase-by-phase approach, where each phase must be completed before moving on to the next. This model places a strong emphasis on rigorous testing and validation to ensure a high level of software quality.

The Code Churn metric plays a crucial role in understanding the stability and progress of a software project by tracking the frequency of code changes. A high code churn rate may indicate instability, while a stable project is characterized by lower code churn.

Software re-engineering aligns with strategic business objectives by reducing maintenance costs, improving software quality, and extending the lifespan of software systems. These benefits support organizational growth by allowing resources to be allocated to new development efforts rather than maintaining legacy software.