You are building a RESTful API with Express.js that will be consumed by various client applications, including mobile and web. How would you design the authentication and authorization mechanisms to ensure maximum security and flexibility?
- Implement a single hard-coded API key for all clients
- Use JWT (JSON Web Tokens) for authentication and fine-grained middleware for authorization
- Allow anonymous access to all endpoints
- Rely solely on client-side security mechanisms
To ensure maximum security and flexibility in a RESTful API, you should use JWT for authentication, as it allows for stateless authentication and can be used across different client types. Fine-grained middleware can be used for authorization, controlling access to specific endpoints. The other options are insecure or impractical approaches.
Closures, by preserving the scope chain at the time of their creation, enable the implementation of ________ patterns in JavaScript.
- Design
- Creational
- Behavioral
- Structural
Closures help implement Creational design patterns in JavaScript. These patterns deal with object creation mechanisms, and closures enable the preservation of state within functions, aiding in pattern implementation.
In EJS, to output data to the template, you use the <%= %> syntax, whereas to execute JavaScript code, you use the ______ syntax.
- <%# %>
- <%$ %>
- <%* %>
- <% %>
In EJS (Embedded JavaScript), you use <%= %> to output data to the template and <% %> to execute JavaScript code within the template. The other options are not valid EJS syntax.
To perform setup activities before every test case in a suite in Mocha, you can use the ______ hook.
- before
- beforeEach
- setup
- suiteSetup
In Mocha, the beforeEach hook is used to perform setup activities before every test case within a suite. It runs before each test case. The other options (before, setup, and suiteSetup) represent different hook names or are not used for this specific purpose in Mocha.
When connecting to a SQL database, what does the acronym CRUD stand for?
- Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete
- Connect, Retrieve, Utilize, Deploy
- Configure, Render, Update, Distribute
- Control, Receive, Use, Define
CRUD stands for Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete. These are the four fundamental operations for managing data in a SQL database. Create adds new records, Retrieve reads data, Update modifies existing records, and Delete removes records.
The Events module in Node.js extends the ______ class to allow the creation of event emitter instances.
- 'EventEmitter'
- 'Emitter'
- 'Event'
- 'Listener'
The Events module in Node.js extends the 'EventEmitter' class to allow the creation of event emitter instances. This class provides the functionality for registering event listeners and emitting events.
A JavaScript file that uses export is considered a ________.
- Module
- Package
- Bundle
- Dependency
A JavaScript file that uses the export keyword is considered a "module." Modules are used to encapsulate and export functionality that can be used in other parts of the code.
What is the primary purpose of the NPM registry in Node.js development?
- To install Node.js itself
- To manage global packages
- To host and distribute Node.js packages and modules
- To run JavaScript code
The primary purpose of the NPM (Node Package Manager) registry in Node.js development is to host and distribute Node.js packages and modules. It serves as a centralized repository for sharing and discovering reusable code, making it a crucial component of the Node.js ecosystem. Option 1 is incorrect because NPM is not used to install Node.js itself; you would use a Node.js installer for that. Option 2 is incorrect because NPM primarily manages packages on a project-specific level, not globally. Option 4 is incorrect because the NPM registry is not used to execute JavaScript code directly.
Which section in the package.json file specifies the entry point of a Node.js application?
- main
- start
- entry
- node
The main section in the package.json file specifies the entry point of a Node.js application. This is the JavaScript file that will be executed when you run your application using node. It is typically set to the main application file, e.g., index.js.
What is the primary difference between 'beforeEach' and 'beforeAll' hooks in Mocha?
- beforeEach runs once before all test cases, while beforeAll runs before each test case.
- beforeEach runs before each test case, while beforeAll runs once before all test cases.
- beforeEach runs after each test case, while beforeAll runs once before all test cases.
- beforeEach runs before each test case and has no equivalent to beforeAll.
In Mocha, the primary difference is that the beforeEach hook runs before each test case, ensuring a clean state for each test, while the beforeAll hook runs once before all test cases. This means that changes made in beforeEach won't persist between test cases, but changes in beforeAll will. The other options are incorrect regarding their behavior.