How can you view the changes between the working directory and the index or staging area in Git?
- git diff
- git status
- git show
- git log
The correct option is git diff. This command shows the differences between the working directory and the index or staging area, allowing you to review changes before committing them. git status shows the status of your working directory, git show displays information about a specific commit, and git log shows the commit history.
Large projects utilizing Git often implement ________ to enforce coding standards and review processes.
- Git Hooks
- Git Flow
- Git Submodules
- Git Tags
Git Hooks are scripts that can be triggered at different points in the Git workflow. They are commonly used in large projects to enforce coding standards and review processes by running checks before allowing commits or pushes.
During a collaborative project, a team member needs to update their local repository with changes from the remote repository. Which sequence of Git commands is appropriate?
- git pull origin master
- git fetch origin followed by git merge origin/master
- git push origin master
- git clone repository-url
The correct option is b. git fetch origin followed by git merge origin/master. This sequence fetches changes from the remote repository without automatically merging them, allowing the developer to review changes before merging. git pull origin master combines git fetch and git merge in one command. git push origin master is used to push changes to the remote repository, and git clone is used to clone a repository.
Why are code reviews important in collaborative Git projects?
- To find and fix bugs in the code
- To ensure coding standards are followed
- To share knowledge among team members
- To slow down the development process
Code reviews play a crucial role in maintaining code quality and consistency in collaborative projects. They help identify bugs, ensure adherence to coding standards, and promote knowledge sharing among team members. Regular code reviews contribute to overall team efficiency and produce higher-quality software.
A developer accidentally commits sensitive data to a public repository. What steps should they take to rectify this?
- Use the "git revert" command to undo the commit
- Use "git reset" to remove the commit from history
- Create a new commit with the sensitive data removed
- Use "git commit --amend" to modify the last commit
The correct option is to use "git reset" to remove the commit from history. Reverting is used for creating a new commit that undoes the changes, while amending is used to modify the last commit. Reset is the appropriate choice for removing a commit from history.
A Git alias can be created using the command git config --global alias.___ .
- shortcuts
- custom
- alias
- cmd
Git aliases are created using the git config command with the alias parameter.
To optimize large Git repositories, the technique of __________ can be used to split a repository into smaller, more manageable pieces.
- Shallow cloning
- Git bisect
- Repository forking
- Git submodules
Git submodules allow splitting a repository into smaller, independent parts. This helps in managing large codebases efficiently, allowing teams to work on specific modules without affecting the entire repository.
What is a common challenge when transitioning a legacy codebase to Git?
- Handling large files
- Maintaining commit history
- Limited branching and merging capabilities
- Lack of user interface
Transitioning a legacy codebase to Git can be challenging due to the need to maintain commit history, ensuring a smooth transition without losing valuable information about the codebase's evolution.
What is the best practice for maintaining a clean Git history when merging branches?
- Regularly force-push to keep the history linear and easy to follow.
- Merge frequently to avoid conflicts and maintain a linear history.
- Rebase branches before merging to create a clean, linear history.
- Always create a new branch for each feature and never merge branches.
Rebasing is a technique to maintain a clean and linear Git history by incorporating changes from one branch into another. It helps avoid unnecessary merge commits and keeps the commit history more readable and logical.
How does Git's branching model facilitate better integration with code quality tools compared to other VCS?
- Enables parallel development with feature branches, allowing isolated code quality checks.
- Discourages the use of branches, minimizing interference with code quality tools.
- Prioritizes a linear development workflow, hindering code quality integration.
- Only integrates with specific code quality tools, limiting flexibility.
Git Branching Model and Code Quality Integration