The correct option is "Atomic." In the context of ACID properties, atomicity ensures that database transactions are either fully completed or not executed at all. This means that if a transaction fails or encounters an error, it will be rolled back to its initial state, maintaining data consistency. Atomicity is crucial for reliability and data integrity in database management systems.

Encapsulation is the process of bundling data (attributes) and functions (methods) that operate on the data into a single unit called a class. It helps in hiding the internal state of an object and only exposing the necessary functionality to the outside world. This enhances security, modularity, and reusability in object-oriented programming.

Abstraction in OOP refers to the concept of hiding complex implementation details and showing only essential features of an object. Encapsulation, on the other hand, involves bundling the data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit, i.e., a class. This helps in achieving data hiding and access control.

Option 1 is correct. In a social media platform, it's efficient to have separate tables for users, profiles, and relationships. This allows for easier management and scalability. Foreign keys ensure data integrity and help in querying related information efficiently. Using a single table for users can lead to data redundancy and maintenance issues. A hierarchical structure may become complex and harder to manage as the platform scales. Denormalization, while useful in certain cases, may not be ideal for handling user profiles and relationships in a social media context.

When resolving conflicts in Git, the first step is to identify the conflicting files. git status helps in listing the conflicting files. Once identified, use git diff to view the differences and manually resolve the conflicts in the file. After resolving the conflicts, stage the changes with git add and then commit the resolved changes. Alternatively, you can also use tools like git mergetool to help with resolving conflicts more efficiently.

File system fragmentation occurs when files are broken into pieces scattered across the disk, leading to increased read/write times as the system needs to access multiple fragments. This impacts performance as it introduces delays in retrieving and storing data.

ACID properties are crucial in ensuring the reliability of database transactions. Consistency ensures that data remains in a valid state before and after the transaction. Atomicity guarantees that either all operations within a transaction succeed or fail as a whole. Isolation ensures that transactions are isolated from each other to prevent interference. Durability ensures that committed transactions are permanent and survive system failures.

The property that ensures efficient search operations in a binary search tree (BST) is the sorted keys property. This property ensures that for any given node, all keys in its left subtree are less than the node's key, and all keys in its right subtree are greater, facilitating efficient search operations like binary search.

The correct answer is 'classes.' CSS classes allow you to apply the same styling to multiple HTML elements by assigning the class name to those elements.

Achieving Transitive Dependency Elimination