Table-per-Type (TPT) inheritance in Entity Framework maps each type in the inheritance hierarchy to its own table in the database. This means the base type and its derived types have separate tables, and the tables are connected through a shared primary key. Unlike TPH, TPT ensures that each type has its own table, which can lead to a more normalized database schema. However, it may result in complex queries due to the need for joins to retrieve data from multiple tables.

Entity Framework uses Table-per-Hierarchy (TPH) inheritance by default for mapping inheritance hierarchies. This means that all types in the inheritance hierarchy are mapped to a single table in the database, with a discriminator column used to differentiate between the types. While this approach simplifies the database schema, it may lead to null values and can be less performant when dealing with complex inheritance hierarchies.

In the Code-First approach, Entity Framework handles inheritance by defaulting to Table-Per-Hierarchy (TPH) strategy, where all classes in the inheritance hierarchy are mapped to a single table. To implement Table-Per-Concrete Class (TPC) inheritance, explicit configurations are required, specifying separate tables for each class in the hierarchy, resulting in a challenge due to maintaining relationships and ensuring data integrity across multiple tables.

The main challenge in implementing Table-per-Concrete Class (TPC) inheritance in Entity Framework is dealing with redundancy and potential data inconsistency. Since each concrete class has its own table, duplicate columns may exist across tables, leading to data redundancy and the risk of inconsistency if not properly managed. Ensuring data integrity and maintaining consistency become critical tasks in such scenarios.

In advanced scenarios, you can customize the mapping of inheritance hierarchies beyond the default strategies provided by Entity Framework using the fluent API. This allows for fine-grained control over entity mappings, including specifying table names, column names, and relationships. Modifying the EDMX file directly is not recommended as it can be complex and error-prone. Customizing SQL queries or extending the base DbContext class may not provide the same level of flexibility as using the fluent API.

When choosing between TPH, TPT, and TPC inheritance strategies in Entity Framework, there are several performance considerations to keep in mind. TPH can result in wide tables with many nullable columns, which can impact storage and query performance, especially when dealing with large datasets. TPT requires additional joins for querying, potentially affecting performance, but it can provide better normalization and query performance compared to TPH in certain scenarios. TPC often leads to redundant data in multiple tables, increasing storage requirements and potentially affecting performance negatively. It's essential to analyze the specific requirements and trade-offs of each strategy to determine the most suitable one for a given scenario.

In Table-per-Type (TPT) inheritance, each type in the hierarchy is mapped to a different database table. This means that each concrete type in the inheritance hierarchy gets its own table in the database, which can lead to a normalized database schema.

To implement a Table-Per-Concrete (TPC) inheritance strategy in Entity Framework, you need to override the OnModelCreating method in your DbContext class and configure the mappings for each concrete type separately.

In Entity Framework Core, the Map method is used in advanced inheritance scenarios to configure specific mappings between an entity and a database table.

In Entity Framework, Table-Per-Concrete (TPC) can be used to resolve ambiguity in the mapping of a complex model with mixed inheritance.